ABSTRACT
Background & objectives: Obesity is a rising pandemic in childhood. There is scarcity of evidence on the efficacy of yoga in achieving weight loss in overweight/obese children. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of family-based comprehensive yoga intervention in the reduction of body mass index (BMI) in overweight/obese children, in comparison to standard dietary and lifestyle counselling and control group. Methods: This was an open-label randomized controlled study. Children aged 8-15 yr who were overweight or had obesity were randomized to one of the three arms for 18 wk; standard weight management (group 1), yoga with dietary modification (group 2) and control (no intervention; group 3). Reduction in BMI and improvement in physiological, biochemical and psychological parameters from baseline to 18 wk was compared between the three arms. Late follow up was also done at 6-12 months. Results: A total of 165 children with mean±standard deviation (SD) age of 11.6±1.8 yr and mean BMI 26.3±4.2 kg/m2 were enrolled. Outcome analysis at 18 wk was performed for 109 children. Improved diet quality and reduced intake were observed in both intervention arms. The median (IQR) reduction in BMI in standard and yoga arms was similar [?1.4 (?3.1, ?0.5) kg/m2 and ?1.2 (?2.3, ?0.6) kg/m2, respectively], while it increased by +0.3 (?0.3, 0.1) in the control arm. In the yoga arm, mean systolic BP reduced from 118 (10) to 114 (8) mmHg, (P=0.019). In the standard arm, significant improvement in psychological scores was noted. In group 3, the mean fasting glucose increased from 93±10 to 102±12 mg/dl (P<0.001). Interpretation & conclusions: The findings of the present study suggest that yoga in conjunction with dietary modification is equally effective as the standard weight management for BMI reduction in the paediatric age group.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Cancer of the cervix is a global health problem and clinical cytopathology brings about detection and diagnosis of disease at stages earlier than possible before which can be further confirmed by histopathology technique. The objective of the present study was to evaluate accuracy of cervical cytology in the diagnosis of cervical lesions including both neoplastic and non neoplastic. Material and Methods: The study comprised of 100 patients with abnormal Pap smear cytology. A detailed clinical history, general physical and systemic examination was conducted and cervical biopsies as well as pap smears received from department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology were processed and stained. Results: A total of seven cases of squamous cell carcinoma were reported majority of which were seen in the advanced age group of greater than 50. In present study 61% cases were reported as NILM, 01% as ASCUS, 06% AGUS. LSIL was diagnosed on cytology in 20% patients, whereas 04% patients had HSIL and 07% patients revealed SCC, and remaining 01 patient (01%) with adenocarcinoma were diagnosed on cytological evaluation. The histopathological findings in 100 cases confirmed 72% cases of chronic cervicitis, 15% as CIN-1, 03% of CIN-2, 01% CIN-3, 01% adenocarcinoma and 08%were diagnosed as invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Cytohistological correlation of 100 cases revealed an overall sensitivity of 95.60% and a specificity of 77.78%. Conclusion: Pap smear test was found to be equally sensitive to histopathological examination for the early detection of different cervical lesions
ABSTRACT
A pot culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of untreated distillery effluent on yield attributes of gobi sarson (Brassica napus. L. var. Punjabi Special) at different effluent concentrations. The effluent showed unpleasant odour, acidic pH, high COD and high chlorides. Five concentrations of the distillery effluent (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%) were used for irrigation of B. napus plants with tap water as control. Various characteristics of siliqua (number of siliqua, average siliqua length, weight of siliqua) and seeds (number of seeds, weight of hundred seeds, economic yield) were quantified to check the variations in the yield attributes of effluent irrigated test plant. Overall, 20% distillery effluent was found to be most effective for highest number and better quality of siliqua (62.0 siliqua plant -1; weight of ten siliqua 1.21 g) and seeds (836.3 seeds plant -1; weight of 100 seeds 0.39 g), and increased yield (economic yield 2.85 g plant-1; stover yield 7.85 g plant-1) of the test plant.
ABSTRACT
The study has been focused on effect of untreated distillery effluent (Devans Breweries Ltd., Jammu) on germination of gobi sarson (Brassica napus. L. var. Punjabi Special). Six treatments (E0….E100) each having three replicates were made. E0 was taken as control in which tap water was used for irrigation of the plants. For E20, E40, E60, E80 and E100, different concentrations i.e. 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of effluent were used for irrigation, respectively. The 100% sample of distillery effluent analyzed for various physicochemical parameters showed acidic nature (pH 4.0) and higher values of COD (2496 mg l-1), TDS (799.7 mg l-1) and chlorides (1408 mg l-1). The parameters e.g. percent germination, germination index, speed of germination, and peak value were highest in treatment receiving 20% effluent concentration which also showed minimum values for percent inhibition, germination period, and delay index.
ABSTRACT
Entamoeba histolytica can infect any organ of the body, but only one case of renal involvement has been reported till now in the literature. We report a rare case of amoebic renal cyst in a 78-yearshowing favorable outcome with metronidazole treatment and therapeutic drainage.